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Hoʻolauna i nā mea paʻa o ka lā

Hoʻolauna i nā mea paʻa o ka lā

1. ʻO ka mōʻaukala hoʻomohala ʻana o nā cell solar:

Mai ka 1839, i ka manawa Becqueral ʻike mua i ka hopena photovoltaic i loko o nā kemika, ʻaʻole i pau ka noiʻi ʻana o ka poʻe i nā mea maka no nā cell solar. I ke kaʻina hana hoʻomohala o nā pūnaewele lā, ua loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole o nā ʻano hana like ʻole, e like me Schottky batteries, M1S batteries MINP batteries; Nā pūnaewele Heterojunction (e like me ITO (n)/Si (p), a-Si / c-si, Ge / Si), a pēlā aku, kahi e hoʻomalu ai nā pūnaewele hui like ʻole. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pūnaewele lā e nā mea e like me: crystalline silicon cell, TOPCon cell, amorphous cell, copper steel selenium batteries, paona pickaxe batteries, arsenide batteries, etc. nā waiwai paʻa a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole o ka crystalline silicon, ua lilo ia i mea nui no ka noiʻi a me ka noi ʻana o ka lā.

2. Ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā pūnaewele solar silikon crystalline:

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻāpana silika crystalline i ʻekolu mau pae. ʻO ka pae mua: I ka makahiki 1954, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Bell Labs i kahi cell silicon crystalline me ka maikaʻi o 6%, a ua hoʻomaka ke au hou o nā cell silicon. I nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomau ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kinikini silika crystalline, a hoʻomau ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaʻina hana. Ua hoʻomaka ka lua o ka manawa i ka makahiki 70, kahi i hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ai ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā cell solar, a i ka manawa like, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lepo o ka crystalline silicon solar cell, a hoʻomau ke kumukūʻai. I ka 90s mua, ua komo nā cell silicon crystalline i kahi pae o ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki, ʻo ka mea nui e hoʻolauna i ka ʻenehana passivation surface, e hōʻemi i ka hopena recombination contact, post-treatment e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola o ka mea lawe a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena māmā i ka hana ʻana o ka pākaukau. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka pono o ka pākaukau, ua hoʻemi hou ʻia nā kumukūʻai hana, a ua hoʻonui ʻia nā noi.

3. ʻO nā pono o ka monocrystalline silicon solar cell

Mai ka waena o 70s, ua hoʻomalu ka silicon crystalline i ka mea maka no nā cell solar. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pūnaewele lā i: monocrystalline silicon cell, polycrystalline silicon cell, and thin-film crystalline silicon cell. ʻO ka puka ʻana mai o nā cell silicon polycrystalline ua hōʻemi i ke kumukūʻai hana o nā cell solar, a ʻo kāna mau mea hana hana a me ke kaʻina hana hana maʻalahi a he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Eia naʻe, ma muli o nā hemahema like ʻole i nā mea a me nā kaʻina hana, ua haʻahaʻa kona hoʻololi ʻana. Ke hoʻohana nei nā kinikini monocrystalline i ka silika maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe e like me nā mea maka, i ulu ʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ke ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe (FZ method) a i ʻole ke ala hoʻokiʻekiʻe (CZ method), a hiki i kā lākou awelika hoʻololi ʻana ke hiki i ka 24% hema-pōhaku, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 5% ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka polycrystalline silicon solar cell.

4. ʻO ke ʻano hoʻomohala o nā panela lā

Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa a haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai o nā cell silicon monocrystalline. Paʻa kāna hana, ke hana nei ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā holomua, a ua lilo ia i mea koʻikoʻi nui no nā panela lā. Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka physics solid-state, ʻaʻole nā ​​mea silika nā mea photovoltaic kūpono loa. ʻO ka mea nui no ka mea he bandgap semiconductor ke silika, ua haʻahaʻa kona ʻāpana hoʻoheheʻe māmā, no laila ua lilo ke aʻo ʻana i nā mea photovoltaic ʻē aʻe. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium selenium (CulnSe2), a me perovskite i manaʻo ʻia he ʻekolu mau mea photovoltaic maikaʻi loa, a ua hana ʻia kekahi holomua, akā aia kahi ala lōʻihi e hele ai mai ka hana nui a e hoʻokūkū me nā kinikini silika monocrystalline.