Nā ʻike

TOPCon ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana

 I. Nānā Hou

ʻO nā pūnaewele lā ʻo TOPCON nā pūnaewele lā e hoʻohana ana i kahi ʻāpana oxide tunneled ultra-thin ma ke ʻano he papa papa passivation.

ʻO ka substrate pākaukau ʻo TOPCON ka nui o ka substrate silika N-type, a ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi papa o ultra-thin silicon oxide tunneling oxide layer (1-1.5nm) e ka kaʻina pulu ma ke kua o ka pākaukau a me ka doped polysilicon thin layer me ka mānoanoa o e pili ana i ka 20nm i waiho ʻia, e hui pū ana i kahi hoʻonohonoho hoʻopili passivation, a laila annealed a recrystallized e hoʻonui i ka hopena passivation.

Hāʻawi ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopili hope passivation o TOPCON i ka passivation ʻili maikaʻi no ke kua o ka wafer silicon, a hiki i ka ʻāpana ʻokikene ultra-thin hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka polyon (electron) i loko o ka papa polysilicon oiai e ālai ana i ka hui hou ʻana oligoon (hole), a laila ka polytron. ʻohi ʻia e ka metala i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao o ka papa polysilicon, ma laila e hōʻemi nui ai i ka hoʻopili metala composite o kēia manawa a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka uila kaapuni hāmama a me ke kaapuni pōkole o ka pā.

 ʻO ka lua, nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana

 1. Pono

ʻO ka palena palena o TOPCON he 28.7%, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 24.5% o PERC a me 29.2% o HJT, kahi kokoke i ka palena kūpono o 29.43% no nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi crystalline silicon.

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā moʻolelo kiʻekiʻe loa o ka TOPCON laboratory a me ka hana hana nui he 26.7% no Zhonglai a me 25.7% no Tongwei, kēlā me kēia.

'Ōlelo Aʻo: ʻAʻole i loaʻa i kēia helu nā helu helu kiʻekiʻe o 29.2% e pili ana i ka palena theoretical kiʻekiʻe loa o HJT i loaʻa i Mei o kēia makahiki.

Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he koho hiki ʻole ke koho ʻia no ka hana kiʻekiʻe o nā cell solar, a ʻo ka wahi hoʻopili composite o kēia manawa density (Joc) a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana (ρc) nā hōʻailona hiki ke loiloi i ka volta kaapuni wehe a me ka hoʻopiha piha o ka pākaukau a hoʻoholo i ka pono hoʻololi.

ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o TOPCON ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka substrate silicon-type N, a ʻo ke ʻano o ka passivation ma ka ʻaoʻao hope hiki ke hana i ka liʻiliʻi o ka hānau ʻana i kahi pōʻai ola lōʻihi, hoʻemi i ka hui hou ʻana o nā mea lawe, a hoʻemi i ka occlusion frontal. me SMBB.

I ka hopena o 2022, ua loaʻa i nā pūnaewele N-type TOPCON monocrystalline bifacial o JinkoSolar i ka hoʻololi ʻana o 26.4%. I ʻApelila o kēia makahiki, ua hoʻonui ʻo Jolywood TOPCON i kēia waiwai kūpono i 26.7%, a ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana o nā pihi TOPCON.

 2. Wahi

He kiʻekiʻe ka bilaterality ʻo TOPCON, ka piʻi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka helu attenuation. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka TOPCON bifacial rate ma kahi o 85%, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana e like me ka -0.3%/°C, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka mana o kēlā me kēia watt o ka pākaukau. I ka manawa like, ʻo ka helu palaho o TOPCON i ka makahiki mua he 1%, ʻo ia ka 50% o ka helu palaho o PERC i ka makahiki mua, a ʻo ka helu decay o TOPCON ma kahi o 0.4% i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma hope o kēlā.

 3. hoʻokaulike

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me PERC, hoʻohui ʻo TOPCON i ka boron diffusion, tunneling oxide, polysilicon doping deposition a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, e hoʻopau ana i ke kaʻina hana laser grooving. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka hapa nui o nā laina hana TOPCON e pili ana i nā laina hana PERC, kahi e hōʻemi nui ai i nā kumukūʻai hoʻopukapuka lako a manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke ala koho maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mana hana PERC i kēia manawa.

 4. Hoololi lako

Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā pūnaewele TOPCon ma ke kumu o nā laina hana PERC, me kahi hoʻopukapuka mua ma kahi o 1.5-170 miliona yuan no GW, a me kahi kumukūʻai hoʻonui o 40-50 miliona yuan no GW e pili ana i nā laina hana PERC.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano pākahi P-type, hoʻololi ʻo TOPCon i ka diffusion phosphorus i ka diffusion boron, hoʻonui i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka papa tunneling a me ka poly layer, a hoʻopau i ke kaʻina hana laser grooving.

I ka hoʻokomo waiwai mua, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me nā lako texturing he 8 miliona yuan, helu ʻia ma kahi o 5%; ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka boron diffusion furnace ma kahi o 20 miliona, e helu ana ma kahi o 12%; ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā mea hana etching he 12 miliona, e pili ana i ka 7%; Backside tunneling oxidation a me polysilicon doping lako pili e pili ana i 45 miliona (LPCVD) a me 35 miliona (PECVD); ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā mea kiʻiʻoniʻoni anti-reflection ʻelua ʻaoʻao e pili ana i 32 miliona, helu no 20%; ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā lako paʻi pale ma kahi o 35 miliona, helu no 22%. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia ka mana hana PERC ma hope o 2020 ma lalo o ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana i mālama ʻia, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai hoʻonui e pili ana i 40-50 miliona yuan / GW, ʻo ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka oxidation tunneling a me nā mea hana doping phosphorus.

 ʻO ke kolu, ke kaʻina hana kumu

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka pākaukau TOPCon e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka texturing, ka diffusion mua o ka boron, ka wehe ʻana o BSG a me ka etching hope, ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka oxide layer passivation contact, mua alumina deposition, mua a me hope silicon nitride deposition, pale paʻi, sintering a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ma kahi o 12 mau ʻanuʻu, kahi o ka passivation layer thin film deposition, ʻo ia hoʻi, CVD, ʻo ia ka loulou kaʻina kumu.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kaʻina hana TOPCon i ʻehā mau ʻano: LPCVD, PECVD, PEALD + PECVD, PCD POLY Si, e like me nā ʻano passivation like ʻole.

ʻO ka LPCVD ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mahu, ʻo ke kumumanaʻo ʻo ia hoʻokahi a i ʻole kekahi mau mea kinoea e hoʻāla ʻia ma kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hana ai i ka hopena decomposition thermal, a laila waiho ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka substrate e hana i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni i makemake ʻia;

ʻO ka PECVD ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mahu i hoʻonui ʻia i ka plasma, e hoʻohana ana i nā microwaves a i ʻole nā ​​​​alapine lekiō e hana i plasma kūloko no nā kinoea i loaʻa nā ʻāpana kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi, a waiho i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi i makemake ʻia ma luna o ka substrate;

ʻO PEALD + PECVD ka plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition, kahi e hui pū ai i nā pono o ka ALD a me ka plasma-assisted deposition;

ʻO ka PVD ka waiho ʻana o ka mahu kino, kahi e waiho ʻia ai kahi mea ma ka mea hana i uhi ʻia e ke ʻano kino (ka uhi ʻana i ka ʻūhā) ma lalo o nā kūlana ʻūhā.

I kēia manawa, pili ka POPAID i ka silica deposition PVD a me ka ʻenehana kiʻiʻoniʻoni polysilicon, e like me kēia kaʻina hana e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pilikia koʻikoʻi o ka hana nui a me ka plating o nā ala kuʻuna.

LPCVD, PECVD, PEALD + PECVD, PVD polySi ʻehā mau ala i loaʻa i kā lākou pono ponoʻī a me nā hemahema, ʻo ka ʻoihana o kēia manawa me LP ma ke ʻano nui:

1) LPCVD: Loaʻa iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi nui i ka maikaʻi, ka hua a me ka hiki, ʻo ka GW-level mass production efficiency o kēia manawa he 24.9%, ʻo 25.7% ka pono hana, ʻo 97% ka hua, ʻo ke kiʻi kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pili ana i 5-8nm/ min, hoʻokahi plug 4300pcs, pālua plug 8000pcs, akā aia nā pilikia e like me ke ola quartz pōkole, nā mea hoʻohana nui, ka lohi deposition a me ka wiliwili koʻikoʻi, a aia kahi lumi no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana;

2) PECVD: ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka deposition e like me 16nm / min, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wili ʻana i loko o 2mm, maʻalahi ke dope ma kahi, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai hoʻokomo ma mua o ke ala LP, a manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi nui. pālākiō ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻikepili e hiki mai ana a me ka pono. Ma muli o ke ala PE, ʻo nā lako PE-poly ʻekolu-i-hoʻokahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e Jiejia Weichuang ua huki nui ʻia mai ka mākeke;

3) Nā ala ʻē aʻe: ʻO ke ʻano PEALD + PECVD, ka hoʻohana ʻana o PEALD e waiho i ka silicon oxide hiki ke hoʻonā i ka pilikia inhomogeneity kumu; ʻO ke ʻano PVD ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ʻaʻohe wili wili, kahi kūpono i ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hana he nui, akā kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai o nā mea hana a maikaʻi ʻole ka kūlike o ke kūʻē square.

 ʻO ka hā, e ho'ēmi i nā kumukūʻai a hoʻonui i ka pono

 (1) Hoʻemi kumukūʻai

I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā pākahi TOPCon ma kahi o 0.04 yuan/W ma mua o ka PERC, a ʻo ka loulou outsourcing ma kahi o 0.01 yuan/W ke kiʻekiʻe.

 1. ʻO ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i nā wafer silika

Hana ʻia nā wafers silicon N-type e ka doping phosphorus elements, no ka mea, ʻaʻole kūpono nā phosphorus atoms a me ke silika, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ke kaʻina hana o ka silikoni a me nā mea kōkua, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai, a aia kekahi kumukūʻai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me P-type silika wafers. Eia nō naʻe, me ka hana nui ʻana o nā wafers silicon type N a me ka holomua ʻenehana, ke wikiwiki nei ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻoheheʻe superimposed, a ke manaʻo ʻia nei e emi mālie ka uku o nā wafers silicon type N.

Wahi a TCL Central's wafer quotation ma 5/11/23, aia he 1.8% premium ma luna o P-type 182-nui N-type silicon wafers, ua emi loa ia ma mua o ka 8.1% premium i Iune 2022.

Wahi a CPIA, ʻo ka mānoanoa awelika o TOPCon/PERC silicon wafers ma 2022 he 140μm a me 155μm, kēlā me kēia. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka TOPCon silicon wafer o ka ʻoihana he 130μm, ʻo ia ka 20μm haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mainstream PERC 150μm.

Wahi a ke kumukūʻai N / P polysilicon hou loa o 80.5 / 72.4 yuan / kg ma Iune 14, hōʻike nā hopena i ke kumukūʻai o TOPCon silicon ma kahi o 0.14 yuan / W, ʻo ia ka 1 point / W haʻahaʻa ma mua o PERC. Eia kekahi, kūʻai ʻia nā wafer silika ma kahi o 60-70% ʻoi aku ma ka hopena wafer ma mua o nā mea hana i hoʻohui ʻia, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka papa ma lalo nei.

 2. ʻAʻole kumu kūʻai silikon

I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai non-silicona o nā pākahi TOPCon ma kahi o 4 mau helu / W ma mua o ka PERC, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai holoʻokoʻa ma kahi o 3-4 mau helu / W kiʻekiʻe.

1) Ma ka ʻaoʻao lako, ʻo TOPCon ma kahi o 50 miliona yuan ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kumukūʻai hoʻopukapuka no ka GW o PERC, a ke piʻi nei ke kumukūʻai depreciation no kēlā me kēia watt e 1 keneta/W;

2) Ma ke ʻano o ka paʻi kālā, ʻo ka hoʻohana kālā ʻo TOPCon (ke kala maikaʻi + kālā hope) ma kahi o 12-13mg/W (105mg/piece), ʻo ia ka 2 mau helu/W ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hoʻohana kālā PERC (ke kālā maikaʻi + kālā hope) 9 -10mg / W koina;

3) Ma ke ʻano o nā koina ʻē aʻe, hoʻonui ke kaʻina hana ala TOPCon, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ke kumukūʻai o nā mea kōkua uila a me ka hana ma ka 1 point/W i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me PERC;

4) Ma ke ʻano o ka hua, ʻo ka hua o TOPCon he 2pct haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka PERC, ka hopena o ke kumu kūʻai ma kahi o 0.15 mau helu / W ma mua o ka P-type.

 3. Ka nānā 'ana i ka mana'o

I kēia manawa, hoʻomau ka hoʻonui a hoʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai polysilicon, a ua hāʻule koke nā kumukūʻai polysilicon mai kahi kiʻekiʻe o 300,000 / ton a i 80,000 / ton, a ua hōʻemi ʻia ke kumukūʻai ma muli o ka thinning. Wahi a Soochow Securities, e hāʻule ke kumukūʻai o ke silika mai 300 yuan/kg a i 60 yuan/kg, a ʻo ka ʻokoʻa kumu kūʻai ma waena o 150mm a me 130mm silicon wafers e emi mai ka 0.05 yuan/W a i ka 0.01 yuan/W.

 4. Māhele kālā

Ma waena o nā kumukūʻai non-silicon, ʻo nā kumukūʻai pāpaʻi kālā ka helu kiʻekiʻe loa, e helu ana ma kahi o 16% o ka nui o ke kumukūʻai pākaukau. Hoʻokahi like ʻo TOPCON a me PERC, hoʻohana lāua ʻelua i ka paʻi kālā kiʻekiʻe, a i kēia manawa e hoʻemi nui i ka ʻai ʻana i ke kālā maikaʻi ma o ka ʻenehana nui-nui a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka laula o ka mānoanoa maikaʻi.

Ke manaʻo nei he 5,575 yuan/kg ke kumukūʻai o ka pāpaʻi kālā me ka ʻole o ka ʻauhau, a ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pāpaʻi kālā ʻelua ʻaoʻao o 105mg e pili ana i ke kumu kūʻai no ka watt o 0.07 yuan, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana, ka puka nui-nui + ka pololei kiʻekiʻe. Ua manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻi kālā i ka 90mg/piece, e like me ke kumukūʻai o 0.06 yuan/W a me ka emi ʻana o 0.01 yuan no ka watt.

 (2) Loaʻa

Wahi a ka ʻikepili pūnaewele PV Kina, mai Malaki i kēia makahiki, ua loli nui ka waiwai nui a me ka loaʻa kālā ma ka watt o nā kiʻi photovoltaic (e lawe ana i 182 PERC ma ke ʻano he laʻana), a ua hāʻule ka nui o ka loaʻa kālā mai 12% i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Malaki a 7.4 %, a laila ma ke kaʻina o ka emi wikiwiki ʻana o nā kumukūʻai polysilicon, ua piʻi wikiwiki ka waiwai nui o nā cell a hoʻopā i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 25.9% i ka hopena o Mei, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ka papa ma lalo.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia he hopena koʻikoʻi ke kumukūʻai o ka polysilicon upstream i nā cell downstream. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e helu wale kēia papa ʻaina i ka loaʻa kālā o nā cell e pili ana i ke kumu kūʻai wafer i ka manawa like. E noʻonoʻo ana i ka pōʻaiapuni o nā ʻoihana o lalo o 1-2 mau mahina, e hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka loaʻa kālā ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka helu helu kumu kūʻai.

Ke hoʻomau nei i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā kumukūʻai o ka wafer a me nā kumukūʻai cell i loko o ka manawa like, hiki ke ʻike ʻia aia kahi lag o ka nui o nā loli o nā kumukūʻai kelepona i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā wafer silika. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iune, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka emi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai cell, e hōʻike ana ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻoili ʻia ʻana o nā kumukūʻai polysilicon, me ka hopena o ka emi wikiwiki ʻana o ka nui o ka cell cell ma waena o Iune.

 (3) Hoʻonui i ka pono

I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomaikaʻi wikiwiki nei ka maikaʻi o nā cell N-type o nā mea hana like ʻole, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o 25%, a ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia ka maikaʻi ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ke kahua SE, passivation ʻaoʻao ʻelua a me ka tandem. nā holomua ʻenehana kelepona i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

 1. E ho'ēmi i nā poho uila

ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana o TOPCon aia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā poho uila, me SE, bifacial POLY, global passivation, a me nā cell tandem.

Pono ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana o TOPCon i nā poho uila. Ke hoʻomaka nei nā mea hana e hoʻolauna i ka platform SE, a ke manaʻo nei kekahi mau ʻoihana e hoʻomaikaʻi kēia i ka pono ma 0.2% -0.4%; ʻO ka hoʻokomoʻana i ka PYLʻaoʻaoʻelua i nā makahiki 24 e manaʻoʻia e hoʻonui i ka pono hana nui ma mua o 26%; ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻenehana passivation honua i nā makahiki 25 e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono i ka 27%, a laila ʻo ka laina nui o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana tandem cell.

I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomaikaʻi wikiwiki nei ka maikaʻi o nā cell N-type o nā mea hana like ʻole, a ʻo ka hana nui o nā mea hana nui ma waena o 25% a me 25.5%, a ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia ka hana ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka platform SE. passivation ʻaoʻao ʻelua a me ka holomua i ka ʻenehana kelepona tandem i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

 2. Emiter koho

ʻO ka ʻenehana SE ma TOPCon ua like ia me ke kumu o SE ma PERC, a ʻo ka doping kiʻekiʻe/haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i loko a ma waho o ka electrode hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola o ka silicon wafer liʻiliʻi i ka hānau ʻana a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono kelepona. ʻO SE (Selective Emitter Technology) e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi papa P ++ ma o ka doping kiʻekiʻe-concentration ma kahi a kokoke i ke kahua hoʻopili o ka cathode metala a me ka wafer silicon, a me ka doping haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hana i kahi papa P + ma kahi o waho o ka electrode .

ʻAʻole wale kēia ʻenehana e hōʻoia i ka pale haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma waena o ka wafer silicon a me ka electrode, akā e hōʻemi ana hoʻi i ka helu recombination ili o ka wafer silicon e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola haʻahaʻa o ka wafer silicon, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka cell. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kaʻina hana doping boron a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mana laser; Aia paha ʻelua ʻano o ka papa passivation e ʻā ana ma ke kaʻina hana, a pono e hoʻomalu pono ʻia ka mana laser.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka laser doping ma TOPCon i ʻelua ala: ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka boron mua a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka boron lua, a ʻo ke kumu nui o ka hana nui e koho i ka doping pololei laser mua. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka boron e like me ke kaʻina hana hoʻonui boron ma ke kaʻina hana PERC, maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana, hoʻokahi wale nō laser doping, hoʻonui ʻia ka boron a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana ma lalo o kēia ala, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kaʻina hana a haʻahaʻa ka hoʻopukapuka lako. akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia ʻenehana.

 3. POLY PAlua aoao

I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻōnaehana passivation ma ka ʻaoʻao hope o ka pākaukau, a hiki i ka passivation ʻaoʻao ʻelua / global passivation hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka pono. I kēia manawa, hoʻopaʻa wale ʻia nā pihi TOPCon ma ka ʻaoʻao hope, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao mua ke hoʻohana mau nei i ke ʻano o ka pākaukau maʻamau. I mea e hōʻemi hou ai i ka hoʻohui hou ʻana o ka mea lawe a hoʻemi i ke kūpaʻa pili ʻana ma ka ʻili o ka pākaukau, hiki ke hana ʻia ka P-poly ma lalo o ka electrode mua, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻolālā passivation ʻaoʻao ʻelua / honua e hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka pono mua. .

Hāʻawi ʻia ka matrix wafer silicon o ka lua ʻaoʻao passivation contact cell me kahi papa polysilicon ma ka ʻaoʻao mua, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao hope o ka matrix he P-doped poly passivation layer. ʻAʻole like me ka passivation ʻaoʻao ʻelua, ʻo ia wale nō ka P-poly ma lalo o nā electrodes, ua manaʻo ʻia ka ʻenehana passivation honua e hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka pono e P-poly i ka mua o ka pākaukau.

 5. Hoʻolako a me ka noi ʻoihana

 (1) Nā koi hoʻokomo

Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ka China Photovoltaic Industry Association, i ka makahiki 2022, ʻo ka nui o ka mana o nā photovoltaics honua ma kahi o 230GW. Wahi a ka ʻikepili i manaʻo ʻia o GF Securities, ʻo ka mana o ka honua i hoʻokomo ʻia ma kahi o 370GW i 2023.

 (2) Hiki ke hana

Ma ke ʻano o ka hiki ke hana, mai ka makahiki 2019, ua hoʻolaha nā mea hana nui e like me Tongwei, LONGi, Jinko, AiXu, etc. ʻenehana kelepona, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā cell home i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka hana, a ua emi mālie ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana.

Wahi a nā helu helu o Soochow Securities e like me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā hui like ʻole a me nā nūhou channel non-public channel, ma ka hopena o 2022, ʻo ka nui o ka hana TOPcon o Kina ma kahi o 90GW, e like me nā helu helu hiki i kēia manawa, manaʻo ʻia e 2023H2 , E pili ana ka mana hana TOPCON ma kahi o 460GW, a ʻo 2024H2 ka mana hana ma kahi o 750GW. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka ʻike ʻana e hoʻonui nui ʻo TOPCon i ka hana i ka makahiki 2023, e holomua wikiwiki ana ka ʻoihana, a na nā mea hana mua e alakaʻi i ka hoʻolālā mana hana.

Ma ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana, e like me ka ʻikepili CPIA, ua ulu wikiwiki ka hana kelepona o Kina mai 11GW i 2011 a i 318GW i 2022, a ʻo TOPCON cell production i 2022 e pili ana i 17GW.

I ka makahiki 2022H2, ʻo 92GW ka mana hana TOPCON o Kina, me ka puka o 17GW a me ka helu komo ʻana ma kahi o 5%; Manaʻo ka mākeke ma ka hopena o 2024, ʻo 754GW ka nui o ka hana TOPCON o Kina, me ka puka o 482GW a me ka helu komo ma kahi o 66%.

 (3) ʻĀina hoʻokūkū

Mai 2023, e hoʻonui nui kēlā me kēia mea hana i ka hana ʻana o TOPCon, e like me ka TOPCON photovoltaic cell production capacity plan i hoʻolaha ʻia e ka hui, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hui i ʻekolu echelons:

Hoʻolālā ʻia ka mana hana echelon mua ma mua o 60GW, ʻo ia ʻo Jinko, JA Solar, TRW, LONGi, Junda, a me Tongwei, kahi o JA Power's 57GW, Trina Solar's 40GW, JinkoSolar 56GW a me nā laina hana nui TOPCon ʻē aʻe. e hoʻokō ʻia i ka makahiki 2023;

Hoʻolālā ʻia ka lua o ka hana echelon e pili ana i ka 10-25GW, kahi ākea ākea me ka echelon mua, a ʻo nā mea nui i komo ʻo Canadian Solar, Zhonglai, Yiyi, EGing, etc.;

ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana hana i hoʻolālā ʻia o ke kolu o ka echelon ma mua o 10GW, a he nui nā poʻe i komo, a ʻo kēia ʻāpana o ka mana hana e pili ana i 232GW e like me nā helu o Soochow Securities.

Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka holomua o ka hana, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka TOPCon ma hope o ke komo ʻana o nā mea hana papa mua i ka makahiki 2023 ma mua o nā mea hana papa lua, a ʻo ka CR6 o ka ʻoihana TOPCON ma kahi o 57.68%.

Wahi a nā helu helu o ka puka holoʻokoʻa o nā cell, ka ʻikepili CPIA, ua hoʻomau ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nui o nā mea hana kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻekiʻe o Kina mai 29.5% i 2018 a i 56.3% i 2022, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻoihana ma mua o nā loulou ʻē aʻe. i loko o ke kaulahao ʻoihana photovoltaic.

Ma ke kahua o nā pūnaewele piha, paʻa ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū o nā mea hana alakaʻi, ʻo Tongwei a me AiXu ma luna o ʻelua, a ua pani ʻo Jietai iā Luan i ka papa ʻelima o ka papa inoa.

Ma ke ʻano o ka pono o ka cell phone, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻololi ʻana o TOPCon mass production i kēia manawa ma mua o 25%, a ke ulu nei ka mana module i ka mana kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo nā ʻoihana alakaʻi he alakaʻi ikaika i ka ʻenehana.

He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka Mei o kēia makahiki, ua hoʻoneʻe ka ʻenehana POPAID o Jolywood i ka waiwai kūpono o TOPCON i kahi kiʻekiʻe hou o 26.7%.

 1. JinkoSolar

Ma ka hopena o 22, loaʻa iā Jinko he 35GW o TOPCon cell production capacity, ʻo ia ka 8GW ma Hefei Phase I, 8GW ma Haining Phase I, 8GW ma Hefei Phase II a me 11GW ma Haining Phase II. Ua manaʻo ʻia ma ka hopena o 23/24, hiki i ka mana hana ke hiki i 56/85GW, kahi o Haining 6.5GW a me Chuxiong 6.5GW e hoʻokomo ʻia i ka hana ma 23Q2 a me 23Q3 pakahi, a me ka mua a me ka lua. e hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka papahana hoʻohui 56GW o Shanxi i 24Q1-Q2. Manaʻo ka ʻoihana i nā moku N-type e ʻoi aku ma mua o 60% i 2023.

 2. Mahele o Junda

ʻO kā Junda N-type TOPCON i kēia manawa ua hoʻokomo ʻia ma kahi o 40.5GW a loaʻa iā ia ka mana o 13GW ma lalo o ke kūkulu ʻana.

 3. Māhele ʻo Tongwei

Ma ke ano o TOPCon hana mana, Tongwei he 9.5GW topcon ka mana hana ma ka hopena o 22, a me ka 16GW TOPCon papahana ma Pengshan Phase I ua hoʻomaka 'ia ma ka hopena o 22, a ua manaoia e hoʻokuʻu 'ia no ka ka manawa mua ma Iulai 23.

 4. JA Technology

Ma ka lā 23 o Iune, ua hoʻokomo ʻo JA Solar i ka 7.3GW o ka mana hana pākaukau TOPCon, kahi o 1.3GW o Ningjin i hōʻea i ka hana piha, a ua hiki i ka 25.3%+ ka pono o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka cell. E hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo 20GW ma Yangzhou a me 10GW ma Qujing i 23Q3. I ka Mei 23, ua hoʻokumu ka hui i ka N-type hou module DeepBlue 4.0Pro e pili ana i ka 182mm * 199mm nui rectangular silicon wafer, i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻenehana hoʻopihapiha kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka mana kiʻekiʻe o ka mana 72 ke hiki i 630W, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka module. 22.5%, ua like ia me ka mana o ka hanauna ma mua o 182 series 78 version modules o ka nui like, akā ʻo ka voli hana he 7.6% haʻahaʻa, e hōʻemi ana i ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻōnaehana BOS a me ka pilikia o nā wahi wela o ka module.

Manaʻo ʻo JA e hiki i ka wafer/cell/module production capacity ke hiki i ka 70/70/80GW ma ka hopena o 23, a me 80-90GW i ka hopena o ka makahiki i ka wā e maʻalahi ka papa hana cell.

 5. Trina Solar

I ka pau ʻana o 22, ua hiki i ka TRW cell / module production capacity i 50/65GW, nona ka TOPCon production capacity he 8GW ma Suqian, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e hōʻea i ka hana piha i waena o 2023, me ka nui o ka hua ma mua o 97%. Ma ke ʻano o ka mana hana hou, manaʻo ʻo TRW e hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻana o 30GW o nā cell TOPCon hou i 2023, a manaʻo ʻia ka mana hana o nā cell TOPCon e hoʻonui i 40GW ma ka hopena o 23.

 6. LONGi 'Omaomao Energy

Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Longji i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana TOPCon ma 2019, kūkulu i kahi laina pailaka 500MW i 2021, a ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻana o 30GW ma Ordos i ʻAukake 2023, me ka mana hana o ka 20GW ma ka hopena o ka makahiki, a manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokō i ka hana piha e 2024Q1.

 (4) Hoʻohālikelike premium

Wahi a nā helu helu o ka mea kūʻai aku, i ka papahana ʻoluʻolu module hou, makemake ʻia nā huahana TOPCon no kā lākou loaʻa mana kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai e hauʻoli ana i ka uku. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hapa o nā ʻāpana TOPCon mai 33% i Pepeluali a 50% i ʻApelila, a hoʻomau ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka māhele o nā makana TOPCon.

Ua helu ʻo TOPCon i 33% o ka 6GW module tender o CNNC, a ʻo ka ʻōlelo ʻana ma kahi o 8 keneta/W premium i PERC. ʻO nā modula TOPCon he 50% o nā papahana noiʻi o Huaneng a me Datang, a ʻo nā huaʻōlelo he 6.5 mau helu / W a me 8.2 mau helu / W ma mua o nā modula PERC, kēlā me kēia.

E like me ka PVinfoLink's hope loa pu'i pila pila ma Iune 14, ke kumu kūʻai o 182 pālua ʻaoʻao TOPCon pākaukau ʻo 0.87 yuan/W, a ʻo ke kumu kūʻai o nā pākahi PERC o ka nui like he 0.78 yuan/W, me ka uku ma kahi o 9 mau helu/W. ; ʻO ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o nā modula TOPCon ʻaoʻao ʻelua (182mm) he 1.6 yuan/W, ʻo ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o P-type he 1.48 yuan/W, a ʻo ka module N-type ma kahi o 0.12 yuan/W premium i ka modul PERC, e hōʻike ana. ua ʻike ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mana o nā modula N-type e ka terminal.

ʻO ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o nā ʻāpana TOPCon he 0.03-0.04 yuan/W kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka PERC, a ua loaʻa i ka TOPCon holoʻokoʻa ma mua o 8 mau helu o ka loaʻa kālā, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokele waiwai.

 (5) Ka ikaika o ke kālā

Wahi a nā manaʻo mai nā ʻaoʻao he nui, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o nā mea hana no ka laina hana hou o TOPcon ma kahi o 1.5-170 miliona yuan / GW. Ma waena o nā kumukūʻai hoʻopukapuka mua o nā laina hana hou, kūʻai ʻia nā lako a me nā kumukūʻai hoʻonohonoho i helu ʻia no ka hapa kiʻekiʻe loa, a ukali ʻia e nā kumukūʻai ʻenehana kūkulu hale, me ka awelika o ke kumukūʻai kūkulu hale ma kahi o 360 miliona yuan/GW.

Ke lawe nei ʻo Jolywood i ka 16GW kiʻekiʻe monocrystalline cell smart factory project (phase I) ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ʻo ke kūʻai ʻana a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i helu ʻia no ka hapa kiʻekiʻe loa o ke kūʻai ʻana a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ke kumu kūʻai o kāna TOPCON photovoltaic cell production line, ma kahi o 88%, hahai. e nā koina hana, e pili ana i ka 8%; ʻO ka waiwai o nā lako hana ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka laina hana TOPcon, e helu ana ma kahi o 71%, kahi o nā lako POPAID i hoʻohana ʻia e waiho i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni lahilahi polysilicon ma kahi o 24% o nā ʻāpana o Jolywood.

Wahi a nā ʻikepili i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e Jinko, TRW, GCL a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka awelika o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka laina hana TOPCON he 15.7 mau mahina, ʻo ka awelika o ka payback manawa he 5.61 mau makahiki, a ʻo ka awelika kumu kūʻai kumu kūʻai no GW ma kahi o 360 miliona yuan.

 6. ʻOihana hui

 (1) Mea silikoni

Loaʻa i nā huahana N-type nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka maikaʻi polysilicon, a i kēia manawa, hiki i nā koi polysilicon N-type ke hiki i ka papa uila II a i luna paha, ʻelua mau papa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā mea P-type, a ʻo ke āpau i nā hōʻailona ʻenehana he 2-10 mau manawa. I kēia manawa, ua lawa ka mālama ʻana i nā lako hana ʻano Tongwei / Daqo / Xinte N-type N, a i ka wā e hiki mai ana, me ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka noi no N-type, ua hoʻokuʻu mālie ʻia nā waihona hana hana N-type o nā mea hana nui. Ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui ʻia ka lakio lako kūloko e like me ia.

Wahi a ka ʻikepili o ka lālā ʻoihana silika, ʻo ka mea N-type o kēia manawa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka P-type, ke kumukūʻai o 8,000 yuan / ton, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, me ka wikiwiki o ke kaʻina hana wafer thinning, ka N-type silicon wafer. paʻakikī ka hoʻokūkū, piʻi ka noi no nā mea N-type, piʻi mālie ka piʻi ʻana, a manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui hou ka uku.

 (2) ʻO nā wafers silikoni

Hoʻohana ʻo TOPCON i nā wafers silika N-type. Hoʻopili ʻia nā wafers silika N-type me nā mea boron i ke kaʻina hana huki aniani, a hoʻolaha ʻia nā ion phosphorus i ke kaʻina hana cell.

E like me 23230531, loaʻa i nā wafers silicon N-type ka uku ma kahi o 7% ma mua o ka P-type. No ka mea ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kaʻina hana o nā ʻano N-type ma mua o ka P-type, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou kumukūʻai.

Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ka China Photovoltaic Industry Association, e hiki aku ana ka mākeke o ka P-type monocrystalline wafer shipments i 87.5% i ka makahiki 2022, a he 10% wale nō o N-type monocrystalline wafers, a ke manaʻo nei mākou ʻo ka hana ʻana o nā ʻāpana monocrystalline N-type. e helu no 25% i 2025, e piʻi wikiwiki ana.

Hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi, hoʻolaha mau nā mea hana nui i ke kaʻina hana thinning o nā wafer silika, a ʻokoʻa hoʻi ko lākou nui kelepona. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nā hui alakaʻi e like me JA Solar, Jinko a me Tongwei i ka ʻenehana wafer silicon rectangular, a me nā mea hana wafer silicon e like me JA Solar / Jinko / Tongwei / TRW āpau i nā nui nui ma luna o 182mm, e uhi ana i 182mm * 182mm, 182mm * 192mm, 182mm *199mm, etc.

 (3) Paʻi kala

Pono ka pa'i kala mua e ho'okō i nā hana a me ka pono, a 'oi aku ka ki'eki'e o nā koi 'enehana no ka huahana ma mua o ka mea ma ke kua o ka pa'i kala, a 'o kāna hana nui 'o ia ka hō'ili'ili a loa'a i nā mea lawe ki'i. I mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka hoʻololi photoelectric pono o ke kelepona, pono e loaʻa i ka paʻi kālā mua nā koi kumu o ka hana paʻi maikaʻi a me ka lākiō hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe, a pono ia e hana i ka pilina ohmic maikaʻi me ka wafer silicon a hoʻemi i ke kūpaʻa pili.

ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa loa ka pāpaʻi kālā ma ke kua o TOPCON mai ka paʻi kālā ma ka ʻaoʻao mua o PERC, akā ma muli o ka pono no ka hoʻonui mua ʻana o ka boron emission pae ma TOPCON, koi ʻia ka paʻi alumini kala ma ka ʻaoʻao mua, no laila ke kumu waiwai. a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻai ʻana i ka paʻi kālā TOPCON ma mua o ka PERC.

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻo ka awelika o ka hoʻohana kālā ʻana o 182-size PERC pākahi ma ka ʻoihana e pili ana i 60mg / ʻāpana, a ʻo ka ʻai kālā ma ke kua ma kahi o 20-30mg / ʻāpana, no ka mea, ʻo ka ʻike paʻa o ke kua. ʻO 60%, i hoʻololiʻia i kahi 15mg /'āpana kālā maikaʻi, no laila,ʻo ka nui o ke kālā kālā he 75mg /'āpana;

No 182-size TOPCon batteries, ua ho'ēmiʻia ka hoʻohana kālā o ke alakaʻi o kaʻoihana i 47mg /'āpana ma mua a me 57mg /'āpana ma ke kua, e pili ana i ka 104-105mg /'āpana;

He 166 a me 210 wale nō ka nui o nā pākahi HJT, ʻo ia ka mea i unuhi ʻia i ka nui 182 a ʻo ka hoʻohana kālā ma kahi o 160-170mg / ʻāpana. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kālā maikaʻi o nā pihi P-type, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻi kālā (kālā maikaʻi + kālā hope) o nā pā TOPCon he 1.5 mau manawa ma ka awelika.

Ma ke ʻano o ka noi mākeke no ka paʻi kala, manaʻo kekahi mau ʻoihana i ka hopena o 23, e noho mau ana ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kala kala PERC o Kina ma 11 tons/GW, a e hāʻule kēia unahi i 9.5 tons/GW i 24-25 mau makahiki; I loko o 21-25 makahiki, e hoʻemi ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻi kālā TOPCon mai 15 tons/GW a i 10 tons/GW, a ʻo ke kumu kūʻai o ka paʻi kālā e hoʻomau i kahi ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka huina o ka mākeke kālā. ʻO ka paʻi i nā makahiki 23 he 25.1 biliona yuan, a e piʻi ka mākeke i 43.4 biliona yuan e 2025.

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka ʻike loea, ka hana huahana a me ke kūpaʻa o ka paʻi kālā maikaʻi o ka home, ua hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o ka pae o ka localization, a ua hiki i ka helu localization i 75% i 22 mau makahiki. Ma waena o nā ʻoihana ʻāina nui, ʻo Juhe Co., Ltd., Dike Co., Ltd., a me Jingyin New Material (Suzhou Goodtech) e noho ana i ka māhele mākeke nui, me ka māhele mākeke o 41%/21% 13% i 2022, nā mea āpau. ua hoʻokumu i ka launa pū ʻana me nā ʻoihana pākaukau poʻo o lalo, a i kēia manawa he mau mālama i ka ʻenehana paʻi kālā TOPCon.

 (4) Nā lako kumu

ʻO nā mea hana TOPCON e pili ana i ʻehā mau loulou: hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka texturing, boron diffusion, polysilicon thin film deposition a me ka paʻi pale.

 1. Holoi i ka kikokikona

He maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, haʻahaʻa ka paʻakikī o nā mea hana, a hiki i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe hale ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka hoʻohana. Me ka hoʻonui wikiwikiʻana o ka mana hana TOPCON, e hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o ka mākeke no ka mīkini hoʻokahi mīkini hana nui a me nā lako hana piha piha; I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ke kaʻina hana o ka māla texturing kristal hoʻokahi, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mīkini hana hoʻokahi ma mua o 8000 mau ʻāpana / hola.

ʻO nā ʻoihana nui o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana ʻo North Huachuang, Jiejia Weichuang, Shanghai Puchuan, etc.; ʻO nā mea hana nui o nā lako texturing ʻo Jiejia Weichuang, North Huachuang a me Suzhou Jujing.

 2. Hoʻopuehu Boron

Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa nā mea maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka kūlike a me ka hana o ke kūpaʻa square, e hōʻemi ana i nā ʻāpana kūpono ʻole kokoke i nā intersections, e hōʻemi ana i nā kumu phosphorus a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana, e loaʻa ana i ke kūpaʻa square kiʻekiʻe (140-180Ω/cm2), a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono. No laila, i kēia manawa, ʻo ka mea hoʻoheheʻe haʻahaʻa ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻo ka laina hana hou i hoʻolako nui ʻia me ka diffusion haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa + haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka mana hoʻoheheʻe hoʻokahi o nā umu diffusion home mai 150 mau ʻāpana a 2,000 mau ʻāpana i 2022. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā ʻoihana nui o ka umu diffusion ʻo Laplace, Jiejia Weichuang, Fengsheng Equipment, Hunan Red Sun, etc., ma i ka manawa like, ua hoʻomaka pū nā hui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Dier Laser a me Han's Laser i ka hoʻonohonoho o nā lako pili.

 3. Polysilicon thin film deposition

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me PERC, ʻo ka hiʻohiʻona nui loa o TOPCON ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi papa tunneled oxide + doped polysilicon layer ma ke kua. I kēia manawa, ʻelua mau ala ʻenehana nui ma kēia loulou: LP a me PE.

ʻO nā ʻoihana komo nui o nā lako LP ʻo Laplace, NAURA a me Pule New Energy; Hāʻawi nui ʻia nā lako PE e Jiejia Weichuang, North Huachuang, Jinchen Co., Ltd. a me Hunan Red Sun.

 4. Pai paʻi

I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ka laina hana hou i ka alignment kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā lako paʻi wafer silika nui, nā lako paʻi kiʻi mua i lawe ʻia mai nā lako, i kēia manawa, noho nā lako hale i ka mākeke laina hana hou a ua lawe ʻia aku i India, Turkey a nā mākeke photovoltaic e puka mai ana. ʻO nā mea hana nui ma kēia kahua: Maiwei Co., Ltd., Jiejia Weichuang Co., Ltd., Jinchen Co., Ltd., etc.

 VII. Ka hopena

I kēia manawa, ʻo ke kahua o nā pūnaewele photovoltaic he kumu hoʻokūkū piha, ma lalo o ke kāʻei o N-type e pani ana i ka P-type, TOPCON i kēia manawa he mau mea maikaʻi i ke komo ʻana, kūpono, ʻoihana ʻoihana, kākoʻo i ka hui pū ʻana, a me ka hoʻololi P-type. Noho ʻo TOPcon poʻo ʻoihana i ka māhele mākeke nui, ʻo ka māhele mākeke CR5 ma kahi o 50%, he mea nui ka hopena o ka ʻoihana.

I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻoihana i hoʻohui ʻia ma mua o nā ʻoihana outsourcing i ke kumukūʻai o nā wafers silicon battery. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai wafer silika i ke kumukūʻai pākaukau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻoihana hoʻohui i ka ʻaoʻao kumukūʻai, e lawe ana i ka ʻikepili 20230531 ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o nā wafers silicon integrated he 0.26 yuan / W, ʻo ia ka ma kahi o 32% ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kumu kūʻai o 0.38 yuan/W o nā wafer silika i kūʻai ʻia.

ʻO ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena poʻo o ka ʻoihana a me ka hoʻohui ʻana e hōʻemi i ke kumukūʻai o nā wafers silicon ua alakaʻi i nā mea hana kelepona maʻemaʻe hou e kū nei i nā ʻano koʻikoʻi e like me ke kaʻina hana, ka pono, ke kumu kūʻai, a me nā kahawai.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻolako kelepona, hiki i ka mākeke hana o kēia manawa ke hoʻokō i ka uhi mākeke no nā hoʻonohonoho hou, a ʻo ke kumu kūʻai hoʻopukapuka kiʻekiʻe a me ka manawa uku hoʻihoʻi e pono e makaʻala no nā mea komo hou.

I kēia manawa, i loko o ka ʻoihana photovoltaic, aia nō kekahi nui o nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka home i ke kahua o nā mea kōkua, e like me ka pāpaʻi kālā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka pauka kālā, nā ʻāpana POE ma ka hopena o ka module, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. e hoʻolohe i ka hahai ʻana.

 Puna: First Photovoltaic New Energy

 Lunahooponopono: Wang Rui Review: Hao Yuzhu